Match play
Match play is the format of play in which every single hole is its own duel.
In match play two parties compete directly against each other, singly or as pair. Not counted is the total stroke number but who plays the respective hole with fewer strokes. Whoever wins goes one hole into the lead. With equal stroke number the hole is shared, in golf jargon “halved”. The match ends as soon as one party has more holes lead than are still to play. If it stands after 16 holes 3 up, one speaks of “3 & 2”. Historically match play is the older form, long before stroke play prevailed.
The tactics differ considerably. An eight on one hole costs you exactly one hole, not more. Therefore risk is worthwhile: the long tee shot over the corner, the attack on a difficult flag position. You also react directly on the opponent. If he lies after two strokes in the water, you play conservatively onto the green. An example: on the par 3 your opponent lays the ball to two metres. Now you must attack, a safe ball onto the green centre does not suffice.
A peculiarity is the conceding. You may concede to the opponent the next stroke, a hole or the whole match. Short putts are often given, that belongs to the etiquette. What is given cannot be taken back. Different from stroke play a rule violation counts mostly only as loss of the hole, not as disqualification. The English name for it is Matchplay.
FAQ
When is a match play over earlier than after 18 holes?
As soon as one party has more holes lead than are still to play. If you lead after 16 holes by three holes, the match is decided — in the result notation that is called “3 & 2”. If it stands drawn after 18 holes, depending on the tournament rule it goes into the play-off or the match is shared.
Why should I take more risk in match play than in stroke play?
Because a botched hole costs you exactly one hole — not more. An eight in stroke play ruins the scorecard, in match play it is only one lost duel among many. Therefore the long tee shot over the corner or the attack on the difficult flag is worthwhile, especially when you lie behind.
May I concede a putt to the opponent — and can I take it back?
Conceding is allowed and belongs to the etiquette of match play: you may give the next stroke, a whole hole or even the match. Short putts are often conceded, that saves time and is a sign of decency. Attention: once given cannot be taken back, even if you regret it one second later.